• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method of measuring the path according to the eddy current principle using a sensor that interacts with a measuring object (2), wherein the sensor comprises an electrical connector (4) and a sensor coil (3), the method comprising the following steps: by applying a working voltage, a magnetic field is generated by an oscillator in cooperation with the sensor coil, a measuring object is moved in the vicinity of the sensor coil through an opening in the coil of sensor, thereby changing the field strength in the region of the coil and the oscillator, the variations being detected by an evaluation circuit and transmitted to a microcontroller, the microcontroller processes the signals of the evaluation circuit and provides said signals thereto via an output and protection circuit, the sensor coil consisting of a plurality of planar-constructed windings.
    公开号:FR3025878A3
    申请号:FR1558462
    申请日:2015-09-11
    公开日:2016-03-18
    发明作者:Allen Carl Bonnici；Steve Zahra
    申请人:Methode Electronics Malta Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELATES The invention relates to a method for measuring a trajectory for a sensor that cooperates and / or interacts with a measurement object and / or a transducer element, a method based on the principle known as Foucault ". The invention further relates to the detection of measurement object trajectories disposed in the vicinity of the sensor coil. The sensor and the associated measurement object are movable relative to each other. The invention further relates to a trajectory measuring sensor. BACKGROUND ART Various embodiments of induction-based measurement sensors are known in the art. In particular, non-contact trajectory measuring systems are known which provide information relating to the movements of measuring objects or associated specific transducer elements on the basis of variations in the intensity of the magnetic field. In known assemblies, for example, cylindrical coils are used in which the measurement objects moving in and out of them move. Measuring objects have at least geometrically irregular shapes that affect the magnetic field as they pass through the coil. Inductive position sensors for use as end-of-travel switches in which the measuring object is moved to and from the inductive sensor in front of or by means of the inductive sensor are known. magnetic field intensity being detected and converted into a measurement signal. It is known to associate the inductive position sensors with electronic units in order to be able to generate a standard measurement signal that can be processed in the downstream control devices.
    [0002] The principle of the capacitive trajectory measurement also known is based on the operating mode of the ideal plate capacitor. The two plate electrodes are formed by the sensor and the opposite measuring object. If a constant alternating current passes through the capacitor of the sensor, the amplitude of the alternating current on the sensor is proportional to the distance between the two electrodes of the capacitor. Capacitive sensors are designed for non-contact measurements of path, distance and position. The distance variation of the measurement object from the sensor is detected using a controller, processed and delivered as a measured value for subsequent process steps. To obtain a reliable measurement, it is necessary to guarantee an invariable dielectric constant between the sensor and the measuring object, since the measuring system not only depends on the distance between the electrodes but also reacts to the variations of the dielectric constant in the sensor. measuring gap. Therefore, capacitive position sensor systems are especially used for high precision applications in laboratories and industry, for example in clean rooms. For this reason, however, they require a clean and dry environment. In addition, they are complex both in terms of production and application. Sensors are particularly necessary for transmission devices which, for functional reasons, must perform a linear motion. This also includes reciprocating mechanical components as well as transmission devices in motor vehicles and engines. It is generally necessary to determine the location of specific elements to know their position and to be able to start the following steps via downstream control systems. Such functions are performed in particular in manual transmissions, valves and hydraulic cylinders, clutches and various actuators, such as foot pedals.
    [0003] In addition, the detection of the positions of shift rods in automated transmissions, the detection of thermal expansions of a material or a product, the radial displacement measurements of cylinders, the applications in combustion engines, brake pedals, among others, are among the fields of application.
    [0004] When using the sensors in the cases mentioned, they are highly exposed to moisture, dust, oils, greases and mechanical stresses. Therefore, it is necessary to provide high precision sensors in a harsh industrial environment exposed to stresses, dust and high temperatures.
    [0005] For such applications, more and more sensor systems operating according to the so-called "eddy currents" principle are being used. The eddy current is a current that is induced in an extended electrical conductor, in a time-varying magnetic field or in a moving conductor in a constant magnetic field in time but spatially inhomogeneous. Eddy current control is used, among other things, for non-destructive material control and material characterization and is based on eddy current amplitude and phase measurement.
    [0006] The principle of eddy currents is used for measurements on electrically conductive materials which may have both ferro-magnetic and non-ferromagnetic properties. A high frequency alternating current passes through a coil housed in a sensor housing. The field of the electromagnetic coil induces eddy currents in the conductive measurement object, thereby changing the resulting resistance of the AC coil. This impedance variation produces an electrical signal that is proportional to the distance between the measurement object and the sensor coil. Eddy current sensors detect distances to metal objects without contact or wear. The high-frequency field lines emanating from the sensor coil are not substantially disturbed by non-metallic materials, which is why measurements can be made even in the presence of soils, stresses and oils. In addition, this specific feature makes it possible to measure on metal objects coated with plastic, thus allowing, for example, the detection of layer thicknesses. All this is known. An example of the application is shown in DE 101 17 724 A1, which describes a torque determining device on a rotating metal shaft. The head of an eddy current sensor is radially directed towards a shaft. The electrical conductivity of the shaft varies according to the torque applied to the shaft.
    [0007] This variation causes a variation in the coupling power of the eddy current sensor, which is detected in an evaluation electronics unit. Thus, it is possible to detect the shaft torque reliably without major structural interventions or significant changes in the construction of the tree.
    [0008] Another example of the application is illustrated in DE 10 2011 102 829 A1 relating to a locking device for preventing reverse engagement of a motor vehicle transmission. An eddy current technology is generally used to detect the displacement of a component or a linear or rotational change in the spacing of at least two components and, therefore, derivatives associated with, for example, speed and speed. acceleration. In practice, however, the eddy current trajectory measurement methods mentioned above only allow the detection of distances in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm with respect to the measuring object. Thus, the possible applications are limited because requirements in terms of maximum space are imposed on these sensors depending on the installation location. In addition, on the conventional eddy current trajectory measuring sensors, continuous detection or measurement of the object to be monitored has been carried out, retaining specific points or events throughout the detection process. measuring points, for example specific switching points. However, this involves an unnecessary restriction of possible uses of the sensor itself.
    [0009] It is also necessary to reliably transmit the measured values detected by the sensor to the evaluation and control units downstream. Again, external influences must not falsify the signals. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the object of the invention is to provide a method for measuring the path of the eddy currents for a sensor, as well as a device according to the principle of eddy currents, which cooperate and interact with a measuring object and / or a transducer element. Another object of the invention is to develop a non-contact sensor for trajectory measurements so that its manufacture is easy, that the measuring object can be a simple mechanical part and that the inductive sensor is also able to function. in difficult outdoor conditions. In addition, it is to avoid positioning tolerances. Another object of the invention is to provide the sensor with as little space as possible and to extend the measuring range. In addition, the eddy current sensor should be designed for non-contact detection of path, distance, displacement, position, but also oscillations and vibrations. In the context of the explanation of the present invention, all these functions are also summarized under the term "trajectory measurement". In addition, the eddy current sensor should operate reliably without a housing or housed in a housing. In addition, it should be possible to use standard electronics.
    [0010] In addition, it should be possible to provide a sensor and method in which the result of the motion detection of the conductive measuring object is consistently and / or completely guaranteed so as to obtain complete information from this complete determination of signals, for example the change of gradient from positive to negative and vice versa allows the determination of a change of direction of the motion trajectory. According to the invention, the technical problem with respect to the measuring method is solved by the features of claim 1. With respect to the position sensor, the problem is solved by the features of claim 5. The dependent claims relate to embodiments the trajectory measuring method and the trajectory measuring sensor. In the following description, the exemplary embodiments and the claims are used the terms listed below, the meaning of which is as follows: Path Measurement Method - a measurement method capable of detecting the changing the position of a measuring object and / or transducer element in an axial direction, and transforming it into electrical signals by means of a sensor. For reasons of simplification, said object is referred to as a measurement object / transducer element, or - more simply still - a measurement object.
    [0011] Sensor - a physical unit capable of detecting field strength variations caused by a moving measurement object, using a measuring coil system. By sensor is meant, in particular, a detection element, a sensor, a measuring element, a detector, a probe, this being not intended to constitute a limitation.
    [0012] 3025878 6 Measuring object - a part, preferably a part of a mechanical device, capable of performing a longitudinal movement, thus influencing the existing magnetic field of the position sensor. Transducer element - an element that provides a physical value in function of the position, the physical value generating an electrical, magnetic or inductive transducer signal. Metal target - a metallic measuring object or one containing a metallic material, eg steel, nickel, copper, aluminum, thus also a plastic part coated with a metal layer.
    [0013] Sensor coil - an element consisting of a plurality of partial windings and / or layers and which generates the magnetic field required for measurement purposes, preferably in cooperation with an oscillator. It is copper, preferably. Microcontroller - an electronic circuit that substantially combines the functions of an oscillator for the excitation of an oscillating circuit, a voltage regulator, an evaluation circuit as well as an output and protection circuit . Planar - a characteristic of the coil and / or its winding layers when they are substantially flat, flat, preferably uniform, rectilinear, smooth, non-corrugated.
    [0014] Shaft - comprising, in terms of geometry: shaft, handle, flag, drawbar, floating axle, drive shaft, axle, spindle / spindle or roller, especially the metal target and / or the measuring object . Position sensor - a device that detects not only trajectory and distance but also movement, position and oscillation and vibration. Eddy current control - (also referred to as eddy current process), an electrical process for controlling the measuring object or the transducer element. During the check, a coil generates a variable magnetic field which induces eddy currents in the material to be tested. When performing the measurement, the eddy current density is detected by the magnetic field generated by it using a sensor which also preferably contains the excitation coil. The measured parameters can be amplitude and phase shift to the excitation signal. The eddy current control is performed, in particular, on the basis of a known magnetic field which is generated by the coil of the sensor cooperating with a metal element. Since the interaction between the magnetic field and the metal target varies, eddy currents are generated in the metal target, which causes a loss of energy in the magnetic field generating circuit. Since the loss of energy can be measured and increases as the interaction increases and thus causes an increase in eddy currents, the microcontroller, which also controls the excitation circuit, transforms the value of the energy loss in an approximate value. For the sake of completeness, we refer 10 to the explanations of this principle in the introductory part of this description. According to the invention there is provided a path measuring method and a sensor, wherein the sensor coil is configured to have a number of individual windings which, in turn, are interconnected to form the coil. of the sensor. The examples mentioned in the present description do not contain any limitation of any kind. They only serve to provide, among other things, an example of functions or effects. Preferably, the detection by the sensor is performed in a completely non-contact and / or non-tactile manner. Furthermore, in a particularly preferred manner, the sensor detection is carried out automatically by detecting the application conditions and / or environmental conditions and / or by adapting to these conditions, for example at the current position. a shift lever on a motor vehicle. In addition, according to the invention, a position sensor is provided with a sensor coil consisting of a plurality of planar windings. The planar coil which is also formed by the planar windings can, of course, be configured to form a crown or other desired geometrical structure. The required magnetic field is generated by selecting an appropriate number of individual planar coil (s) by interconnecting them appropriately, if desired. In many cases, a coil is provided for a measurement object.
    [0015] A plurality of windings are preferably isolated from each other, for example by means of conventional insulating materials, such as epoxy glass fiber, which may be selected by the user depending on the product and the intended use.
    [0016] The individual coil and / or the plurality of coils are formed by a multilayer printed circuit board (PCB), itself consisting of at least two planar windings. Here, one can apply the known etching process for production, but other manufacturing methods are also possible.
    [0017] In one embodiment according to the invention, the thickness of such a multilayer coil can be limited to a range of 1.0 mm to 1.6 mm, or even lower. In another embodiment, the thickness may, however, be greater depending on the area of application or the manufacturing costs.
    [0018] The coils arranged on each other on different layers are preferably connected in series. The printed circuit board has, for example, two layers facing up and down. In addition, other layers may be provided in the usual manner. The planar windings are each arranged on a support medium.
    [0019] Thus, by selecting an appropriate number of said planar-built coils, the inductance of the sensor coil can be determined over a wide range, and thereby, in cooperation with the oscillator disposed in the electronic unit, the Possible operating frequency can also be set over a wide range.
    [0020] An individual planar winding can be implemented so as to have, as a single element, as much inductance as possible. It is thus possible to minimize the number of planar windings to be associated with each other. According to a preferred embodiment, a planar winding is disposed on each side of a double-sided printed circuit board. Another preferred embodiment is implemented when the planar windings are integrated in a so-called "multilayer" printed circuit board and more than two planar coils can thus be interconnected.
    [0021] Apart from the possibility of adjusting the inductance of the sensor coil, the embodiment according to the invention produces a sensor coil having a stable structure, which does not require additional measures for its protection.
    [0022] The sensor coil itself is formed of a plurality of planar-constructed coils, preferably interconnected. Surprisingly, it has been found that with planar-built coils it is possible to omit ferromagnetic coils, eliminate positioning tolerances, preferably use standard electronics and in particular avoid using application-specific integrated circuits (or ASICs). Each of the planar windings is designed with an empty interior area. This means that a measuring object and / or transducer element and / or metal target can be moved in both directions in the center of the planar coil.
    [0023] Planar windings are suitably produced using printed circuit technology. For example, it is possible to arrange one of the planar windings in a mutually concentric manner on each side of a double-sided printed circuit board. According to a preferred embodiment of the sensor coil, a plurality of said planar coils is implemented by producing a multilayer printed circuit board. The cascade arrangement resulting from the individual coils provides the necessary inductance of the coil. The construction of the sensor coil as described has the advantage that it is not necessary for the coil itself to be produced by winding operations on an insulating winding body to be produced separately. A multilayer printed circuit board also provides the sensor coil with the necessary geometry and protection, including the securing and insulating means which, in other forms of coils, must be attached later. The sensor trajectory measuring method comprises adjusting the sensor element in association with an oscillator to a specific resonant frequency or oscillation frequency and thereby generating the inductance formed by the sensor coil through the interconnection of the sensor. a plurality of individual windings. Preferably, the coil has a recess or aperture similar to a centrally disposed hole. As a result, the coil can receive a shaft. This tree forms the measuring object, thus the transducer element and / or a metal target. The tree contains, for example, metal, nickel, copper or aluminum. The shaft preferably has a tubular shape. The sensor according to the invention, in which the measuring object / transducer element has a variable geometry, especially in terms of cross-sectional changes, is particularly preferred. Preferred embodiments of these sectional changes are annular grooves, bores, flat portions on one side, or changing materials.
    [0024] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the surface of the measuring object / transducer element has a continuous transition from a small diameter to a large diameter, thus enabling a quasi-analogous positional determination. Another embodiment of the trajectory measuring method may consist in the fact that a part can be moved close to the sensor coil and that its position can be determined according to its geometrical shape. In addition, in the presence of geometric irregularities, abrupt changes can also be detected and evaluated.
    [0025] In particular, the conical shape provides a substantial advantage because the arrangement allows detection or measurement by axial movement, without the detection process being affected or even disturbed by adverse vibrations or factors. This means that the measuring object / transducer element is present in the area of the sensor coil but, unlike the coil, can change position by axial movement and, unlike the coil, therefore change in section. cross. For this reason, a conical shape is advantageous. Depending on the field of application, those skilled in the art can choose different geometrical variants. This advantage applies all the better if the shaft is mounted in a sheath or a housing or a tubular section, for example by means of a three-dimensional support, which contributes to further reducing the possible vibrations and improve the accuracy of the detection process. The tree is thus largely protected against the influences of the environment. This results in a decrease in electrical interference. This conical shape makes it possible to detect even great distances with respect to the measurement object. This profile makes it possible to detect measuring objects at a distance of 25 mm to 40 mm and more, but also at a distance of less than 25 mm. And vice versa, it is possible to reduce the dimensions of the sensor frames compared to the traditional prior art. This offers advantages in terms of production costs.
    [0026] Particularly in this preferred embodiment, the measuring object can thus have a variable geometry but is nevertheless completely detected, preferably by the longitudinal movement of the measuring object within the coil. Due to the different spacing due to the conical shape of the shaft, for example, the sensor coil detects, for example, the position, displacement, and distance of a sensing part or other characteristics, such as only defects in the surface texture, when the shaft performs axial movement. Instead of a movement of the measuring object with respect to the statically disposed sensor coil, the sensor coil can also, by kinematic inversion, be configured to be movable while the measuring object is static. The movement of the measuring object through the coil provided with a hole-shaped recess or opening is converted into a linear electrical signal according to the eddy current principle, which is then processed by the microprocessor according to the requirements. . As a result, the user is able to easily identify the respective position of the measurement object. Thus, one can quickly detect deviations from the standard results, for example by predetermined parameters or other known parameters.
    [0027] The sensor comprises at least one electronic unit cooperating with a sensor coil, and an electronic connector for supplying the supply voltage and for transmitting the signals. The aforementioned components can be grouped in a common housing. The housing can be configured in the usual way. A measurement object / transducer element is located in the vicinity of the sensor coil and moved in a longitudinal axial direction, thereby changing the field strength in the coil region and at the same time the frequency of the oscillating circuit from of the sensor coil and the oscillator. With the help of an evaluation circuit, these variations are detected and converted into measured variables suitable for further processing. The information obtained is transmitted by the evaluation circuit to a microcontroller, which processes the information obtained by using, inter alia, a stored program sequence and generates therefrom control signals which can be processed later in the program. external devices. An output and protection circuit is arranged in the electronics unit to ensure proper operation. In order to ensure stable operation and to satisfy the required measurement conditions, a voltage regulator is further associated with the electronic unit. In another embodiment of the path measurement method, when the specific parameters are reached, a switching function according to the characteristic of a threshold switch can be provided, depending on specific parameters obtained in the oscillating circuit from The oscillator and the sensor coil. In addition, the measurement object / transducer element may include a part by which it is in contact with or connected to the object to be measured and / or detected. The part and the measuring object / transducer element can be made of the same material.
    [0028] Said part can be guided centrally by means of a conduit. This duct, which constitutes a support in three dimensions, may, for example, be an inner ring disposed within the sheath, the housing or other tubular section. The arrangement of a trajectory measuring sensor as described above can be further developed in different ways. For this purpose, in particular, a compression spring ensuring the continuous contact of said part with the parts to be detected may be associated with the measurement object / transducer element.
    [0029] Instead of a compression spring, it is also possible to use other elastic structures, thus allowing movement of the measuring object with respect to the portion to be detected which is largely free of play. In an advantageous embodiment in which the system is not able to provide the measuring object in the right geometry, at the right location or in the right material, by extending the housing, in particular the plastic encapsulation, by a sheath, a housing or a tubular profile, a spring-loaded measuring object can be accommodated and contained as a sliding object integrated within the sensor housing, the integrated sliding object being guided through an element which can be placed on either side; else of the sheath, the housing or the tubular section. The measurement object remains located on the outside of the encapsulated printed circuit board portion, thus ensuring a closed system and, in particular, a sealed system for the electronic part. The compression spring provides continuous contact with the actuation mechanism of the system which may be, for example, a plunger or a cam.
    [0030] In cases where the arrangement of the electronic unit on the printed circuit board of the sensor coil is not possible or deemed insufficient, an additional printed circuit board may carry this electronic unit and be connected to the coil. of the sensor. Thus, the invention advantageously makes it possible to carry out a trajectory measuring method using a sensor coil consisting of a plurality of individual planar coils, the sensor being usable over a wide range of parameters, while being robust and inexpensive to produce. The trajectory measuring method using the sensor is such that a measuring object / transducer element is disposed in the center of the sensor coil and capable of moving toward the axis of the coil. The procedure of the path measurement method consists in activating, first of all, the electronic unit disposed in the sensor by applying a service voltage. An oscillator present in the electronic unit excites an oscillation in cooperation with the sensor coil, a specific frequency oscillation being generated according to the parameters of the oscillator and the sensor coil and the sensor coil creating a field magnetic. Various tasks can be performed as part of the trajectory measuring method according to the invention. For example, it can be used to determine the positions of movable rods, shafts, shafts or housing components. The use in automated manual transmissions or for determining the position of clutch components is particularly preferred.
    [0031] Other preferred uses may be the position determination of hydraulic cylinders, racks, linear drives and other components, provided that the location / position of these can be detected by path measurements. The trajectory measurement method may be configured such that the trajectory measurement is performed continuously with respect to a real position of the measurement object / transducer element. Since the path measurement method involves influencing an oscillating circuit by means of metal objects, the oscillation parameters can be selected so that the sensor responds not only to the ferromagnetic materials but also to any other metallic material. Thus, the ferromagnetic materials, in particular for the coils, can even be omitted. According to one embodiment of the trajectory measuring method, the sensor is equipped with a switching function. This means that the sensor 25 emits a signal value when the measurement object / transducer element reaches a specific position. The sensor coil operates in conjunction with an oscillator forming part of a microcontroller, the resulting oscillating circuit then being excited and oscillating at a frequency to be selected according to the specific application.
    [0032] In order to keep the oscillation frequency sufficiently stable, the microcontroller may further be equipped with a voltage regulator and a temperature compensation circuit. The field strength variations caused by the measuring objects / transducer elements also cause a change in the resonant frequency at which the oscillating circuit operates. Via an evaluation circuit also forming part of the microcontroller, the nominal frequency variations can be determined and the respective measurement values and / or information transmitted to the microcontroller module itself. A permanently stored program is able to detect and evaluate the measurement values of the evaluation unit and to output them via the output circuit. The supply voltage of the sensor can be provided by a connector. The output signals of the microcontroller can likewise be transmitted by the same or another connector.
    [0033] In another embodiment, the common housing of the position sensor may be extended by housings on both sides in the region of the measurement object / transducer element, the measurement object / transducer element being axially guided at the same time. interior of said housing. In combination with a compression spring disposed in the housing, it ensures a lack of play.
    [0034] A guide ring disposed at the other end of the measuring object / transducer element contributes to the precise and concentric guidance thereof. In another embodiment in which the system is not able to provide the measuring object in the correct geometry, location, or material, a spring-loaded measuring object can be housed and contained in as sliding object integrated inside the sensor housing by extending the housing, in particular the plastic encapsulation, by a tubular section, the integrated sliding object being guided through an element that can be placed on the side and other of the tubular element. The measurement object remains located on the outside of the encapsulated printed circuit board portion, thus ensuring the closed system 25 and, in particular, sealed for the electronic part. The compression spring provides continuous contact with the actuation mechanism of the system which may be, for example, a plunger or a cam. If necessary, the printed circuit board carrying the microcontroller may either be identical to the multilayer printed circuit board that constitutes the sensor coil, or may be incorporated into an additional extension of the housing as a separate printed circuit board. In a preferred embodiment, the position sensor provided with the various elements above is housed as a compact unit in a common housing.
    [0035] Particularly preferably, the coil is encapsulated in a plastic housing and the sensor shaft, during use or as part of the sensor, is closed and, even more preferably, sealed, which means that, for example, For example, oil may flow around the measuring object, especially in both applications, ie when the sensor rod is in use, but also when the detection or measurement is done using the stem. Therefore, in both applications of the printed circuit board, the electronics, the coil in the plastic case is sealed to obtain a closed system.
    [0036] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT The invention will be described below in more detail with reference to some exemplary embodiments and drawings showing: FIG. 1: a side view of the basic construction the sensor; - Figure 2: a rear view of the sensor; FIG. 3: an embodiment of the sensor with a measuring object / transducer element guided inside a sheath; - Figure 4: another embodiment of the sensor shown in Figure 3; - Figure 5: a block diagram of the sensor. The trajectory measuring method according to the invention is carried out by means of a position sensor 1 which cooperates and / or interacts with a measurement object / transducer element 2. The sensor comprises at least one electronic unit cooperating with a coil sensor 3, and an electronic connector 4 for supplying the supply voltage and transmitting the signals. The aforementioned components are grouped in a common housing 16. The housing 16 can be configured in the usual manner. The operating mode of the path measurement method consists in activating, first of all, the electronic unit disposed in the sensor by applying an operating voltage. An oscillator 11 present in the electronic unit 30 excites oscillation in cooperation with the coil of the sensor 3, a specific frequency oscillation being generated according to the parameters of the oscillator 11 and the sensor coil 3 and the sensor coil 3 creating a magnetic field. A measuring object / transducer element 2 is located in the vicinity of the sensor coil 3 and moved, thereby changing the field strength in the region of the coil 10 and, at the same time, the frequency of the oscillating circuit from of the coil 3 of the sensor and of the oscillator 11. With the aid of an evaluation circuit 14, these variations are detected and converted into measured variables 5 suitable for further processing. The information obtained is transmitted by the evaluation circuit 14 to a microcontroller 13, which processes the information obtained by using, among other things, a stored program sequence and generates therefrom control signals which can be processed later. in external devices. An output and protection circuit 10 is disposed in the electronic unit to ensure proper operation. In order to ensure stable operation and to satisfy the required measurement conditions, a voltage regulator 12 is further associated with the electronic unit. In addition, the specific feature of the path measurement method is that the sensor coil 3 consists of a plurality of planar-constructed coils. The trajectory measuring method may be configured such that the trajectory measurement is performed continuously with respect to a real position of the measurement object / transducer element 2.
    [0037] In another embodiment of the path measurement method, when the specific parameters are reached, a switching function according to the characteristic of a threshold switch can be provided, depending on specific parameters obtained in the oscillating circuit from of the oscillator 11 and the sensor coil 3.
    [0038] A method of measuring trajectory using a sensor according to the invention, wherein the measuring object / transducer element 2 has geometric irregularities is particularly preferred. This means that the measuring object / transducer element 2 is present in the region of the coil 3 of the sensor but can change position and thus cross section.
    [0039] Preferred embodiments of these sectional changes are annular grooves, bores, flat portions on one side, or miscellaneous materials. Another embodiment of the trajectory measurement method may consist in the fact that a part is moving in the vicinity of the sensor coil. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the surface of the measurement object / Transducer element 2 has a continuous transition from a small diameter to a large diameter, thus allowing a near analogous positional determination. In addition, the measuring object / transducer element 2 may comprise a part 5 by which it is in contact with or connected to the parts to be measured and / or detected. Various measurement tasks can be performed as part of the trajectory measuring method according to the invention. For example, it can be used to determine the positions of movable rods, shafts, shafts or housing components. The use in automated manual transmissions or for position determination of clutch components is particularly preferred. Other preferred uses may be the position determination of hydraulic cylinders, racks, linear drives and other components, provided that the location / position of these can be detected by path measurements.
    [0040] As already described above, the sensor comprises at least one sensor coil 3, an electronic unit and a housing 16 (not shown). According to the invention, the coil 3 of the sensor consists of a plurality of coils built in a planar manner, the planar coils being each placed on a support medium.
    [0041] Thus, by selecting an appropriate number of said planar-built coils, the inductance of the coil 3 of the sensor can be determined over a wide range, and thereby in cooperation with the oscillator 11 disposed in the electronic unit. , the possible operating frequency can also be set over a wide range.
    [0042] An individual planar coil can be implemented so as to have, as a single element, as much inductance as possible. It is thus possible to minimize the number of planar coils to be associated with each other. According to a preferred embodiment, a planar coil is disposed on each side of a double-sided printed circuit board.
    [0043] According to another embodiment of the sensor coil 3, the planar coils are integrated in a so-called "multilayer" printed circuit board and more than two planar coils can thus be interconnected.
    [0044] Apart from the possibility of adjusting the inductance of the sensor coil, the embodiment according to the invention produces a sensor coil having a stable structure, which does not require additional measures for its protection. The position sensor 1 according to the invention can be expanded further depending on the various operating conditions. Thus, in one embodiment, the measuring object / transducer element 2 can be disposed in a sleeve 8. It is thus largely protected against environmental influences. A compression spring 7 which provides continuous contact of the portion 15 with the portions to be detected may be associated with the measuring object / transducer element 2. The portion 5 may be guided by means of a conduit 6. In a Another embodiment in which the system is not able to provide the measurement object 2 in the right geometry, at the right location or in the right material, a spring-loaded measuring object 2 can be housed and contained as sliding object integrated inside the sensor housing 16 by extending the housing, in particular the plastic encapsulation 16, by a tubular section 8, the integrated sliding object being guided through an element 6 which can be placed on either side of the tubular element 8, as shown in FIG. 3.
    [0045] The measurement object 2 remains located on the outside of the encapsulated printed circuit board portion, thereby providing a closed and, in particular, sealed system for the electronic part. Compression spring 7 provides continuous contact with the system actuation mechanism which may be, for example, a plunger or a cam.
    [0046] In cases where the arrangement of the electronic unit on the printed circuit board of the sensor coil is not possible, an additional printed circuit board 9 may carry this electronic unit and be connected to the coil 3 of the sensor. Thus, the invention advantageously makes it possible to carry out a trajectory measuring method with the aid of a sensor, a sensor coil comprising a plurality of planar coils, the sensor being able to be used over a wide range parameters, while being robust and inexpensive to produce. List of reference signs: 5 1.
    [0047] 1 Position sensor 2.
    [0048] 2 Measuring object, transducer element, metal target, shaft 3.
    [0049] 3 Sensor coil 4.
    [0050] 4 Connector 5.
    [0051] 5 Part 10 6.
    [0052] 6 Conduit 7.
    [0053] 7 Compression spring 8.
    [0054] 8 Housing, housing, tubular profile 9.
    [0055] 9 Printed circuit board 10.
    [0056] 10 Reel 15 11.
    [0057] 11 Oscillator 12.
    [0058] 12 Voltage regulator 13.
    [0059] 13 Microcontroller 14.
    [0060] 14 Evaluation circuit 15.
    [0061] Output and protection circuit 20 16.
    [0062] 16 Case
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A method of measuring the path according to the eddy current principle using a sensor that interacts with a measuring object (2), wherein the sensor comprises an electrical connector (4) and a sensor coil (3), the method comprising the following steps: - by application of a service voltage, a magnetic field is generated by an oscillator (11) in cooperation with the sensor coil (3), - a measuring object (2) is moved in the vicinity of the coil sensor (3) through an opening in the sensor coil (3), thereby changing the field strength in the region of the coil (3) and the oscillator (11), the variations being detected by a evaluation circuit (14) and transmitted to a microcontroller (13), the microcontroller processes the signals of the evaluation circuit (14) and supplies said signals thereto via an output and protection circuit (15), the sensor coil (3) consisting of a plurality of windings constructed in a planar manner.
    [0002]
    A path measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that the path measurement is continuous with respect to the position of the measuring object (2) or as a switching function according to specific parameters obtained. in the oscillating circuit.
    [0003]
    3. Path measuring method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the measuring object (2) has a variable geometry and / or a part whose cross section varies continuously.
    [0004]
    An eddy-current sensor for trajectory measurements, comprising a sensor coil (3) which interacts with a measurement object (2), - an electronic connector (4), - the sensor coil (3) having a plurality of planar-constructed windings, - the sensor coil (3) comprising an opening through which the measuring object (2) can be moved axially.
    [0005]
    An eddy current sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that the measuring object (2) has a variable geometry and / or a part whose cross-section varies continuously. 3025878 22
    [0006]
    An eddy current sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that the measuring object (2) has a conical shape.
    [0007]
    An eddy current sensor according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the measuring object (2) has a portion (5) through which it is in contact with or connected to an object to be detected.
    [0008]
    An eddy current sensor according to one or more of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the measuring object (2) is arranged in a sleeve (8) or in a housing (8) or in a profile. tubular (8).
    [0009]
    An eddy current sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that the measuring object (2) is supported in three dimensions in the sleeve (8) or in the housing (8) or in the tubular section (8). ).
    [0010]
    An eddy current sensor according to one or more of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that an elastic structure can be associated with the measuring object (2). 15
    [0011]
    An eddy current sensor according to claim 10, characterized in that the elastic structure is a compression spring (7).
    [0012]
    An eddy current sensor according to one or more of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the sensor is provided with another printed circuit board (9). 20
    [0013]
    An eddy current sensor according to one or more of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that it comprises a housing (16) which encloses the sensor coil (3), the electrical connector (4) and the measuring object (2).
    [0014]
    An eddy current sensor according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the planar windings of the sensor coil (3) are each arranged on a support.
    [0015]
    An eddy current sensor according to one or more of claims 5 to 14, characterized in that the planar-formed sensor coil windings (3) are integrated in a multi-layer printed circuit board.
    [0016]
    16. Eddy current sensor according to any one of claims 5 to 15, characterized in that the sensor comprises an evaluation circuit for detecting the parameters of the oscillating circuit. 3025878 23
    [0017]
    An eddy current sensor according to one or more of claims 5 to 16, characterized in that the electronic unit contains a microcontroller (13) by means of which the values of the evaluation circuit can be processed and delivered to a controller. output and protection circuit (15) using a stored program.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN205581321U|2016-09-14|
    DE102015114205B4|2020-04-23|
    ITUB20153546A1|2017-03-10|
    KR20160000928U|2016-03-21|
    DE102015114205B8|2020-10-22|
    JP2016057276A|2016-04-21|
    DE102015114205A1|2016-03-17|
    US20160076913A1|2016-03-17|
    US10247578B2|2019-04-02|
    FR3025878B3|2016-10-14|
    JP6293036B2|2018-03-14|
    DE202015105089U1|2015-12-18|
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014218264|2014-09-11|
    DE102015114205.8A|DE102015114205B8|2014-09-11|2015-08-26|Distance measurement method for a magnetic sensor and sensor|
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